Aapka gaana Spotify par hai, log sun rahe hain, kuch paisa bhi aa raha hai. Par kya aapko pata hai ki ek gaane se sirf ek nahi, kai jagah se royalty banti hai? Aur kya aapko pata hai ki kai independent artists apni aadhi royalty isliye kho dete hain kyunki unhe pata hi nahi ki woh kahan se claim hoti hai?
Yeh guide poori tarah Hindi mein hai aur music royalty ka pura system saral bhasha mein samjhati hai. Master aur publishing royalty kya hai, IPRS, PPL aur RMPL ka kaam kya hai, IPRS membership kaise lein, aur ek artist hone ke naate aap kahan kahan se paisa claim kar sakte hain. Agar aapne abhi tak distribution ki basic samajh nahi li hai, to pehle padhein
music distribution kya hai aur gaana kaise release kare, aur uske baad yeh guide aur asaan lagegi.
Music Royalty Kya Hai?
Music royalty wo paisa hai jo aapko tab milta hai jab koi aapke gaane ko istemaal karta hai, jaise sunna, perform karna, broadcast karna, ya stream karna. Sochiye yeh ek tarah ka kiraya hai. Aapka gaana aapki property hai, aur jab koi usko use karta hai to aapko uska hissa milta hai.
Sabse zaroori baat jo zyadatar artists nahi samajhte: ek gaane mein ek nahi, do alag alag property hoti hai, aur dono se alag royalty aati hai.
Ek Gaane Mein Do Alag Rights Hote Hain
Jab bhi koi gaana bajta hai, to do cheezein ek saath use hoti hain. Yahi music royalty ka poora foundation hai, isliye ise dhyaan se samjhein.
| Master Rights (Sound Recording) | Publishing Rights (Composition) |
| Final recording, yaani jo audio file aap sunte hain | Gaane ki aatma: lyrics aur melody |
| Owner aam taur par recording artist ya label | Owner author (lyricist) aur composer (music director) |
| Streaming aur caller tune royalty yahan se, distributor ke through | Performance aur mechanical royalty, India mein IPRS collect karta hai |
| Identify hota hai ISRC code se | Identify hota hai ISWC code se |
Aasan tarike se: master rights matlab final recording (jo audio aap sunte hain), aur publishing rights matlab gaane ki aatma (lyrics aur dhun). Agar aapne khud apna gaana likha, compose kiya aur record kiya, to dono rights aapke paas hain, aur dono se royalty aapki banti hai.
Master Rights Royalty (Sound Recording)
Yeh wo royalty hai jo final sound recording se aati hai. Jab log aapka gaana Spotify, JioSaavn ya Apple Music par sunte hain, ya jab koi aapka gaana caller tune set karta hai, to master royalty banti hai.
Independent artist ke liye achhi khabar yeh hai ki yeh royalty aapko aapke distributor ke through milti hai. Aap apni recording ke owner ho, isliye yeh seedha aapke paas aati hai.
- Streaming royalty ke detail ke liye padhein: Spotify par per stream kitna paisa milta hai.
- Caller tune royalty kaise banti hai, samjhein: caller tune revenue artists ke liye.
Publishing Royalty (Composition)
Yahin par sabse zyada paisa chhoot jaata hai. Publishing royalty composition se aati hai, yaani lyrics aur melody se. Yeh royalty author (lyricist) aur composer (music director) ki hoti hai, chahe recording kisi aur ne ki ho.
Publishing royalty mukhya roop se teen tarah ki hoti hai:
1. Mechanical Royalty
Jab aapka gaana reproduce ya stream hota hai, to composition ke reproduction par mechanical royalty banti hai. Streaming par har play ke saath thodi mechanical royalty bhi judi hoti hai.
2. Performance Royalty
Jab aapka gaana publicly perform ya broadcast hota hai, jaise radio, TV, live show, restaurant, ya streaming platforms par communicate hota hai, to performance royalty banti hai. India mein author aur composer ka yeh share IPRS collect karta hai.
3. Sync Royalty
Jab aapka gaana film, web series, ad, ya video mein use hota hai, to sync royalty banti hai. Yeh ek alag aur aksar bada income source hota hai, jiske baare mein aage ki guides mein detail aayegi.
India Mein Royalty Kaun Collect Karta Hai?
India mein alag alag rights ke liye alag sansthayein hain. Inhe samajh lena bahut zaroori hai, kyunki yahi decide karta hai ki aapka paisa kahan se aayega.
IPRS (composition / publishing side)
IPRS, yaani Indian Performing Right Society, 1969 se kaam kar rahi hai aur yeh India ki registered copyright society hai jo authors (lyricists), composers (music directors) aur publishers ko represent karti hai. IPRS music users se license fee aur royalty collect karke apne members mein baant deti hai, admin cost kaatne ke baad.
Sound recording side (PPL, RMPL, Novex)
Sound recording ke liye alag sansthayein hain. PPL (Phonographic Performance Limited) labels ki taraf se sound recordings ka licensing karti aayi hai. Yahan ek zaroori update hai: 2025 mein Delhi High Court ne kaha ki PPL registered copyright society nahi hai, aur sound recordings ke liye RMPL (Recorded Music Performance Limited), jo 2021 mein register hui, copyright society ke roop mein kaam karti hai. Novex Communications bhi kuch labels ke liye public performance rights manage karti hai.
ISRA (performers / singers)
ISRA, yaani Indian Singers Rights Association, performers (jaise singers) ke rights ke liye kaam karti hai. Agar aap sirf ek gaana gaate ho jise kisi aur ne likha aur compose kiya, to bhi aap performer ke roop mein kuch rights rakh sakte ho.
Sabse Bada Point: IPRS aur Distributor Alag Hain
Yeh confusion bahut common hai, isliye clear samajh lein. Aapka distributor aur IPRS do alag cheezein hain, aur dono ka paisa alag hai.
| IPRS | PPL / RMPL / Novex |
| Composition (lyrics + music) ke liye | Sound recording (final audio) ke liye |
| Members: authors, composers, publishers | Members: labels aur recording owners |
| India ki registered copyright society (1969 se) | Sound recording side; RMPL 2021 se registered copyright society hai |
| Aapko author/composer royalty dilata hai | Public performance aur broadcast licensing |
Matlab agar aapne apna gaana khud likha aur compose kiya hai, to aapko do jagah se paisa milna chahiye: master royalty distributor se, aur composition wali author aur composer royalty IPRS se. Sirf distributor par rukne wale artists apni publishing royalty chhod dete hain.
IPRS Membership Kaise Lein?
Agar aap song likhte ya compose karte hain, to IPRS member banna aapke liye faydemand hai. Process aisa hai:
- Eligibility: Aapke paas kam se kam ek published work hona chahiye, jaise koi released gaana.
- Category chunein: Author (lyricist), composer, ya publisher mein se apni category select karein.
- Documents dein: Identity proof, ownership proof, aur apne kaam ka record submit karein.
- Application review: IPRS ki Membership Committee aapki application check karti hai.
- Agreement sign karein: Approval ke baad Assignment Deed aur Indemnity Bond sign karne hote hain.
- Time: Pura process aam taur par lagbhag 45 working days leta hai, complete application ke baad.
Apne gaane ko legally protect karne ke liye copyright registration bhi zaroori hai. Iske liye padhein:
apne song ka copyright kaise register karein India mein.
Author Ki Royalty Par Ek Zaroori Kanoon
Copyright Act, 1957 mein 2012 ke amendment ke baad ek bahut bada protection aaya. Iske mutaabik author aur composer apni royalty ka haq sirf apne legal heirs ya ek copyright society (yaani IPRS) ko hi de sakte hain. Kisi aur ko, jaise label ko, yeh royalty assign karne wala agreement void maana jaata hai.
Saral shabd mein: agar aap writer ho, to aapki author royalty aapse koi label nahi cheen sakta. Yeh ek bahut important suraksha hai jiska faida lene ke liye IPRS member hona zaroori hai.
Ek Practical Example
Maan lijiye aapne ek gaana likha, compose kiya aur khud record kiya, phir use The Black Turn jaise distributor se release kiya. Ab dekhiye ek hi gaane se kahan kahan se paisa aa sakta hai:
- Spotify, JioSaavn, Apple Music par streams se master royalty (distributor ke through).
- Jio, Airtel, Vi par caller tune se royalty (distributor ke through).
- Composition wali author aur composer royalty (IPRS ke through).
- Agar gaana radio, TV ya public jagah par baje to performance royalty (IPRS ke through).
- Agar gaana kisi film ya ad mein use ho to sync royalty (alag deal).
Ek gaana, kai income streams. Isi liye royalty ka system samajhna paise kamane ka sabse bada hissa hai.
Common Galtiyan aur Myths
- Yeh sochna ki distributor saari royalty de deta hai. Distributor master side deta hai, composition wali IPRS royalty alag hai.
- IPRS member na banna. Writer hone ke baad bhi member na banne par publishing royalty chhoot jaati hai.
- Metadata mein writer credits galat ya khaali chhodna, jisse royalty galat insaan ko ja sakti hai.
- Yeh maan lena ki sirf bade artists ko royalty milti hai. Royalty streams aur plays par based hoti hai, fame par nahi.
- Sahi distributor na chunna. Royalty percentage par dhyaan dein: kaun sa distributor best royalty deta hai.
Aksar Pooche Jaane Wale Sawaal (FAQ)
Q1. Music royalty kya hai?
Music royalty wo paisa hai jo aapko tab milta hai jab koi aapke gaane ko sunta, perform karta, broadcast karta ya stream karta hai. Ek gaane mein do rights hote hain, master aur publishing, aur dono se alag royalty banti hai.
Q2. Master royalty aur publishing royalty mein kya farak hai?
Master royalty final sound recording se aati hai aur aam taur par recording owner ya label ko milti hai, streaming aur caller tune ke through. Publishing royalty composition se aati hai aur India mein author aur composer ka share IPRS collect karta hai.
Q3. IPRS membership kaise milti hai?
Author ya composer ke paas kam se kam ek published work hona chahiye. IPRS portal par category chunkar identity aur ownership proof ke saath apply karte hain. Approval ke baad Assignment Deed aur Indemnity Bond sign hote hain. Pura process aam taur par lagbhag 45 working days leta hai.
Q4. Kya distributor mujhe saari royalty deta hai?
Nahi. Distributor aam taur par master royalty deta hai, jaise streaming aur caller tune. Composition wali author aur composer royalty India mein IPRS collect karta hai, isliye writer ko IPRS member banna zaroori hai.
Q5. IPRS aur PPL mein kya difference hai?
IPRS composition yaani lyrics aur music ke rights ke liye hai aur authors, composers aur publishers ko represent karta hai. PPL sound recording side par kaam karta hai aur labels ko represent karta hai. 2025 mein Delhi High Court ne kaha ki PPL registered copyright society nahi hai, aur sound recordings ke liye RMPL registered copyright society hai.
Nateeja
Music royalty samajhna har independent artist ke liye zaroori hai, kyunki yahi tay karta hai ki aap apni mehnat ka pura paisa kama rahe ho ya aadha chhod rahe ho. Yaad rakhein: ek gaane mein do rights hote hain, master aur publishing. Master royalty aapko distributor se milti hai, aur agar aap writer ho to composition wali royalty IPRS se milti hai. Dono claim karein, tabhi aapki earning poori hogi.
Apna gaana sahi tarike se release karke master royalty shuru karne ke liye, ek bharosemand music distribution service chunein jo achhi royalty aur caller tune support deti ho. Aur kamane ke aur tarike jaanne ke liye padhein music se paise kaise kamaye.
